Bariatric surgery is associated with weight loss and remission of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and dyslipidemia at five years postsurgery, according to a study published online January in Diabetes, Metabolism Research and Reviews.

Tingting Wu, from the University of Hong Kong, S.A.R., China, and colleagues used data from the Hospital Authority (2006 to 2017) to identify obese patients with T2DM. Patients who underwent bariatric surgery were matched with nonsurgical patients based on a 1:5 propensity score. Annual assessments were made for up to five years for remission rates of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.

The researchers identified 401 surgical patients (310 restrictive surgeries and 91 bypass surgeries) and 1,894 nonsurgical patients. They found higher remission rates in diabetes and dyslipidemia and better glycemic control at 12 to 60 months for surgical patients. The surgical group had significantly lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure up to 12 months, but the groups had similar blood pressure after 12 months. During follow-up, surgical patients had significantly lower body mass index and a higher percentage total weight loss and percentage of excess weight loss at 60 months. Percentage of rebound in excess weight loss was similar between the two groups. Restrictive and bypass surgeries were similarly effective at 60 months, although restrictive surgeries were slightly more effective in T2DM remission.

"Though the effects of bariatric surgery on T2DM were confirmed in this study, our results of prevalent complete diabetes remission rates were relatively low when compared with studies focused on either Caucasians or Chinese populations," the authors write.

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